Colombia has 439 businessmen accused of financing armed groups, but almost none have been convicted. An Oxford book reveals global patterns of corporate impunity and highlights cases such as Chiquita Brands and Urapalma. The JEP and the Truth Commission are key, but corporate vetoes hinder justice.

Argentina made progress in prosecuting economic actors for crimes against humanity, but regressed after 2015. Although there were legal reforms and pioneering rulings, judicial delays and political changes hindered accountability, leaving companies complicit with the dictatorship in impunity.